2015电子科技大学846英语语言学基础知识及运用考研真题

研导师温馨提示：

历年专业课真题是考研专业课最珍贵的资料，每年的专业课真题重复的题型非常多。考生应把历年考题反复做透，做到融汇贯通。

专业课复习建议：

1、备考初期以课本为主，把课本的专业课必考点巩固好，打好基础。另外，一般情况下，课后习题也很关键。

2、备考中期可以通过辅助参考书，来加以强化训练。同时，也可以开始接触考研真题。

3、真题吃透，建议多做几遍，模拟考研现场进行练习。冲刺后阶段，也应回归课本，梳理知识点。

ps.可以站在出卷老师的角度进行思考，实际上出卷老师在出卷时也是借鉴各种参考资料或者课后习题变化然后出的题目。

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2015电子科技大学846英语语言学基础知识及运用考研真题

真题原文：

电子科技大学
2015 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：846 英语语言学基础知识及运用 
注：无机读卡，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。
I. Define the following terms with examples if necessary (30 points, 5 points each):
  1. cooperative principle   2. psycholinguistics 3. conceptual meaning 4. textual function 5. stem 6. arbitrariness
II. Make a judgment and an evaluation of the following with your own reasons (20 points, 4 points each):
1. By duality of language is meant the property of having two levels of structures; we call sounds secondary units as opposed to such primary units as words, since the secondary units are meaningless and the primary units have distinct and identifiable meaning.
2. All human languages are complicated systems of communication.
3. Functionalists see language as knowledge from the intro-organic angle, whereas formalists see language as behaviour from the inter-organic angle
     4. In the antonymous pairs, husband—wife and male—female are different because the first pair is complementary and the second converse
5. One’s dialect refers to the language variety according to user whereas one’s register refers to the language variety according to use because one’s dialect shows who (or what) you are and one’s register shows what you are doing.
III. Briefly answer the following questions (45 points; 9 points each):
1. Please briefly explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.
2. Can you notice the parallel relation between the two pairs of terms “phoneme—allophone” and “morpheme—allomorph” ? And please explain with examples the differences between “phoneme” and “allophone”, “morpheme” and “allomorph”.
    3. Though the surface structures of the following two sentences are the same, they mean differently, why?         1) John is eager to please.    2) John is easy to please.
 
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2015电子科技大学846英语语言学基础知识及运用考研真题