2014电子科技大学846英语语言学基础知识及运用考研真题

研导师温馨提示：

历年专业课真题是考研专业课最珍贵的资料，每年的专业课真题重复的题型非常多。考生应把历年考题反复做透，做到融汇贯通。

专业课复习建议：

1、备考初期以课本为主，把课本的专业课必考点巩固好，打好基础。另外，一般情况下，课后习题也很关键。

2、备考中期可以通过辅助参考书，来加以强化训练。同时，也可以开始接触考研真题。

3、真题吃透，建议多做几遍，模拟考研现场进行练习。冲刺后阶段，也应回归课本，梳理知识点。

ps.可以站在出卷老师的角度进行思考，实际上出卷老师在出卷时也是借鉴各种参考资料或者课后习题变化然后出的题目。

资料内容：

2014电子科技大学846英语语言学基础知识及运用考研真题

真题原文：

电子科技大学
2014 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：846 英语语言学基础知识及运用
注：无机读卡，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。
I. Define the following terms with examples if necessary (30 points, 5 points each):
1. duality
2. metalanguage
3. minimal pairs
4. lexeme
5. connotation
6. immediate constituent analysis
II. Make a judgment and an evaluation of the following with your own reasons (20 points, 4 points
each):
1. Endocentric construction differs from exocentric construction in that the distribution of the former is
functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words serves
as a definable center or head.
2. “The contexts of an utterance determine its meaning…Since no two contexts are ever exactly the
same…, to insist dogmatically that we know what a word means in advance of its utterance is
nonsense.”
3. When analyzing the meanings of a polysemantic word, diachronically we try to find the central
meaning among all its meanings by frequency value, whereas synchronically the original meaning
will be detected.
4. Linguistic communications are usually presented to us in the form of written text or speech. While the
process of comprhension appears to be similar in both cases, some of the initial stages of processing
differ.
5. Since communication is a social activity, it could be said that speech is also social, not individual.
III. Briefly answer the following questions (45 points; 9 points each):
1. Please analyze Nida’s idea “words are sometimes culturally-specific” with examples.
2. In speech communications, we may conclude that generally the male style is report-speaking while the
female style is rapport-speaking. Please explain this with examples.
3. Halliday once stated that the subject, in its traditional sense, is a complex of four distinct functions,
three in the structure of the clause and one in the information structure. Would you please try to
explain these four functions of the subject in the following clause?
The lion caught the tourist. 

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2014电子科技大学846英语语言学基础知识及运用考研真题