考研英语：学会这120句，长难句不攻自破

　　很多考生在复习英语长难句时不知道如何开始着手复习。下文是跨考教育英语教研室吴老师为考生精选的120单句的文本。考生只需把以下单句研究透彻了，搞定长难句不在话下。

　　1. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century.

　　2. This modern faith in medicines is proved by the fact that the annual drug bill of the Health Services is mounting to astronomical figures and shows no signs at present of ceasing to rise.

　　3. This overlooked the fact that the poor nations now can borrow the technologies of more developed nations, some of which will be readily adaptable to their own environments, and improve their techniques of production very rapidly.

　　4. Ninety-nine in a hundred of what are called educated men are in this condition, and even of those who can argue fluently for their opinions.

　　5. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.

　　6. We have enriched our lives by creating physical mobility through the motor-car, the jet aeroplane, and other means of mechanical transport; and we have added to our intellectual mobility by the telephone, radio, and television.

　　7. He extends his own energies by the generation and transmission of power and his nervous system and his thinking and decision –making faculties through automation.

　　8. On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.

　　9. Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a great capacity for sympathy, a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people and, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, the minds and feelings of children.

　　10. This is the world out of which grows the hope, for the first time in history, of a society where there will be freedom from want and freedom from fear.

　　11. This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishments cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

　　12. Webb argues that the colonial legislative assemblies represented the interests not of the common people but of the colonial upper classes, a coalition of merchants and nobility who favored self-rule and sought to elevate legislative authority at the expense of the executive.

　　13. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant –not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the weaknesses and immaturity of human nature which induce people, and again especially children, to make mistakes.

　　14. Proponents believe that may permanently change the baby's structure, functioning and metabolism, setting it up to be more vulnerable than normal to the development in adulthood of heart disease and related disorders such as high blood pressure, stroke and diabetes.

　　15. Moreover, I can feel strong emotions in response to objects of arts that are interpretations, rather than representations, of reality.

　　16. New forms of thoughts as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.

　　17. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.

　　18. Few changes in the domestic American economy in the postwar period appear to me to be as significant and as inadequately recognized, particularly by national policy makers, as those changes—heavily influenced by technology—which increasingly bind the domestic economy to the rest of the world, and make it a more independent sub-element of a larger and more powerful economic system.

　　19. While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.

　　20. In a critique published this week in The Lancet medical journal, scientists conclude that the reported link between low birth weight and higher blood pressure later in life, an early cornerstone of the theory, may not be as strong as previously thought.

　　21. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage.

　　22. For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence of man.

　　23. The exact mechanisms involved are still mysterious, but the likelihood that many cancers are initiated at the level of genes suggests that we will never prevent all cancers.

　　24. The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons.

　　25. In 1993, there was an explosion in a population of rodents in southwestern United States that spread hantavirus syndrome, a lung infection, after a drought that killed off the rodents' predators was quickly followed by heavy rains that expanded the rats' food supply.

　　26. She adds, “Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think they’ve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down(使不突出)their visibility.”

　　27. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called "human nature."

　　28. The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text.

　　29. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery.

　　30. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease.

　　31. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.

　　32. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being over-weight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease.

　　33. Science fiction is not only change speculator but change agent, sending an echo from the future that is becoming into the present that is sculpting it.

　　34. It is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.

　　35. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.

　　36. As a consequence, it may prove difficult or impossible to establish for a successful revolution a comprehensive and trustworthy picture of those who participated or to answer even the most basic questions one might pose concerning the social origins of the insurgents.

　　37. Yet Walzer’s argument, however deficient, does point to one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism—namely, that it brings to predominant positions those people who, however legitimately they have earned their material rewards, often lack those important qualities which evoke affection or admiration.

　　38. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge.

　　39. The theory, known as the fetal origins of adult disease hypothesis, postulates that when a fetus is undernourished, it diverts resources to areas it really needs at the time, such as the brain, at the expense of organs it will need later in life, such as the lungs.

　　40. Whether the productivity gains that result from new industries based on new technology are properly reflected in the indices we use to measure productivity or not, each of these industries has given us a quantum jump in productivity, no matter how you choose to define it.

　　41. The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctively important social science.

　　42. It is recounted of Thomas Carlyle that when he heard of the illness of his friend, Henry Tailor, he went off immediately to visit him, carrying with him in his pocket what remained of a bottle of medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs Carlyle’s.

　　43. The question of whether the decrease in plant fecundity caused by the spraying of pesticides actually causes a decline in the overall population of flowering plant species still remains unanswered.

　　44. President Bush, in a June 11 speech on global climate change, described as "fatally flawed" the 1997 treaty negotiated in Kyoto, Japan, by the United States and other industrial countries but later rejected by the Bush Administration.

　　45. Given the great expense of conducting such experiments with proper controls, and the limited promise of experiments performed thus far, it is questionable whether further experiments in this area should even be conducted.

　　46. One of the first measures proposed by president Franklin D .Roosevelt when he took office in 1933 was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which was subsequently passed by Congress.

　　47. As the century developed, the increasing magnitude and complexity of the problems to be solved and the growing interconnection of different disciplines made it impossible, in many cases, for the individual scientist to deal with the huge mass of new data, techniques and equipment required for carrying out research accurately and efficiently.

　　48. If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem solving are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems.

　　49. There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference, between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person, as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graded weights.

　　50. It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.

　　51. Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, though differing in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.

　　52. The patients attending the out-patients departments of our hospitals feel that they have not received adequate treatment unless they are able to carry home with them some tangible remedy in the form of a bottle of medicine, a box of pills or a small jar of ointment.

　　53. There is no quicker method of disposing of patients than by giving them what they are asking for, and since most medical men in the Health Services are over-worked and have little time for offering time-consuming and little-appreciated advice on such subjects as diet, right living and the need for abandoning bad habits, etc, the bottle, the box and the jar are almost always granted them.

　　54. It is recounted of Thomas Carlyle that when he heard of the illness of his friend, Henry Tailor, he went off immediately to visit him, carrying with him in his pocket what remained of a bottle of medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle’s.

　　55. Carlyle was entirely ignorant of what the bottle in his pocket contained, of the nature of illness from which his friend was suffering, and of what had previously been wrong with his wife, but a medicine that had worked so well in one form of illness would surely be of equal benefit in another, and comforted by the thought of the help he was bringing to his friend, he hastened to Henry Tailor’s house.

　　56. It is often pointed out that, however ingenious they may be about future technologies, many SCIENCE FICTION writers exhibit an implicit conservative bias in their stories, insofar as social projections are either ignored or based on variations of the present status quo or of historical social systems reshuffled whole-cloth into the future.

　　57. The underlying assumption of every kind of government by wisers and betters is that people on the whole are not fit to manage their own affairs, but must have someone else do it for them, and there is no paradox when such a government treats its subjects without respect, or deals with them on the basis of their having no rights that the government must take into account.

　　58. While it is perhaps puzzling that Jordan and Turner do not see that there is no logic that requires dualism as a philosophical basis for preservation, more puzzling is the sharpness and ruthlessness of their attack on preservationists, reinforced by the fact that they offer little, if any, criticism of those who have robbed the natural world.

　　59. Americans who stem from generations which left their old people behind and never closed their parents’ eyelids in death, and who have experienced the additional distance from death provided by two world wars are today pushing away from them both a recognition of death and a recognition of the tremendous significance – for the future – of the way we live our lives.

　　60. Acceptance of the inevitability of death, which, when faced, can give dignity to life, and acceptance of our inescapable role in the modern world, might transmute our anxiety about making the right choices, taking the right precautions and the right risks into the sterner stuff of responsibility, which ennobles the whole face rather than furrowing the forehead with little wrinkles of worry.