怎样翻译复杂的中文句子

时间:2017-07-26 18:03 来源:研导师 文加考研

     

  无论是英译汉还是汉译英,都提出“忠实”、“通顺”为其基本标准,这是大家所公认的。虽然英译汉和汉译英都以“忠实”、“通顺”为其标准,但并不等于它们之间没有差异,更不等于它们没有各自的特点。

  比如,字面和实质往往有很大的差距,“七嘴八舌”就不能译成“七张嘴八条舌头”,“寒暄”也不能译成“寒冷的谈话”,“干脆”也不宜译成“又干又脆”,“在朋友面前我只感到惭愧”(巴金《朋友》),也不宜说成“羞愧”(ashamed),实指“不好意思”(illatease)。

  下面,跨考教育孟老师详细为大家介绍如何进行长句的翻译,首先要进行断句,汉语的断句是个难点汉语是形散意连,断句不如英语那样严格。如何划分汉语的句界之间的关系,在很多情况下要取决于读者的语感和对语句的理解,

  如:每一个人,作为社会的一个成员,有权享受其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的社会、经济、文化权利,这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。

  对于这种比较复杂的中文句子,在正式翻译成英文句子之前,应当按照它的含义,将它划分成不同的部分,以便我们确定英文句子的结构。首先将这个中文句子划分成6个部分,请特别注意,第4部分嵌套在第3部分中间。

  ①每一个人,②作为社会的一个成员,③有权享受 [④其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的] 社会、经济、文化权利,⑤这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,⑥并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。

  这样划分之后,可以初步决定,将第4、5、6部分翻译成三个定语从句,用来修饰第3部分的最后一个单词rights:

  ①Everyone

  ②as a member of society

  ③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

  ④which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

  ⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation

  ⑥which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

  不过,在英语中,通常是一个定语从句修饰一个名词,很少有三个定语从句修饰一个名词,因此我临时决定,将第4部分改写成一个短语,将第5、6部分合并成一个定语句子,请看:

  ①Everyone

  ②as a member of society

  ③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

  ④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

  ⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

  最后,将这5个部分组合起来,就是这个中文句子的英文译文。

  Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

  另提供一版本如下:

  Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.


以上是文加考研(考研一对一辅导品牌)为大家提供的怎样翻译复杂的中文句子,希望对大家有所帮助。考研的过程中,希望大家努力加油,大家备考过程中有任何疑问,可以直接咨询。


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